The idea of Thermo-Ecological Cost has been proposed by Professor Jan Szargut. It is a measure of the efficiency of natural resources management, which combines the cumulative exergy of non-renewable natural resources burdening a given product, and the additional exergy consumption of non-renewable natural resources to abate or compensate the negative effects of harmful waste rejections (e.g. emissions) to the natural environment within the production process. The idea of the thermo-ecological cost has been developed over the last decade by Professor Wojciech Stanek and Dr Lucyna Czarnowska, as well as other researchers who applied the thermo-ecological cost in their ecological analysis of various energy and industrial systems. The method to determine the thermo-ecological cost associated with the discharge of harmful waste products is based on monetary indices. In the case where the harmfulness of the waste or emissions is not determinable in both exergy and monetary units, this method cannot be applied. One of such emission is carbon dioxide (or other greenhouse gases), as at present it in not possible to determine the direct damage caused by climate change on the global level. Thus, within the thermo-ecological cost analysis the abatement cost is used, which is calculated based on construction and operation costs of carbon dioxide capture installations. But this approach is not always correct, especially when the carbon dioxide is already released to atmosphere or the investigated process does not have an option to directly remove the carbon dioxide from the emission (harmful waste) stream. Thus, the idea of the Thermo-Climatic Cost has been proposed, which relays on the thermo-ecological cost of obtaining negative emissions by means of carbon removal technologies like bioenergy with carbon capture and storage or direct air capture. The thermo-climatic cost allows to assess the required depletion of non-renewable natural resources to remove the emitted carbon dioxide and extends the general thermo-ecological balance over the greenhouse gases. This allows to better assess the technologies and processes on the pathway to carbon neutral global economic system.