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CPOTE2022 logo
CPOTE2022
7th International Conference on
Contemporary Problems of Thermal Engineering
Hybrid event, Warsaw | 20-23 September 2022

Abstract CPOTE2022-1111-A

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Direct injection of ammonia and biodiesel in a single cylinder compression ignition engine

Karl Oskar BJORGEN, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
David EMBERSON, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
Michal LEWANDOWSKI, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
Terese LØVÅS, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway

This study investigates the combined use of ammonia and biodiesel as fuels in a 7.5 kW compression ignition engine. The work is part of the Polish/Norwegian project ACTIVATE working on developing a medium duty engine running on ammonia and biodiesel for agricultural machines such as tractors. Using ammonia as fuel has the benefit of reducing CO2 emissions to the atmosphere compared to its fossil alternatives in internal combustion engines. However, there is still a large knowledge gap on the fundamental and technical aspects of combusting ammonia in an engine, and ammonia is known to have adverse effects on combustion such as low laminar flame speed and high ignition energy. In this study, the chosen strategy is run the engine in dual fuel mode where the aim is to use ammonia as the main fuel and initiating/enhancing combustion by using biodiesel as pilot injection. Liquid anhydrous ammonia is injected into the engine cylinder using a GDI injector, simplifying the fuel conditioning system and potentially reducing ammonia slip. This work presents the engine test cell at NTNU and preliminary results of biodiesel reference cases and ammonia/biodiesel cases in terms engine performance.

Keywords: Combustion characteristics, CI engine, Ammonia, Direct injection of fuel, Biodiesel